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Latest Research

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Research Title: Interventions to prevent softball related injuries: a review of the literature.
Type of Research: Publication Articles
Category: Preventative Techniques
Keywords: Ankle injury
Ankle sprain
Softball, Prevention, Breakaway bases, Sliding Injuries, Ankle injuries
Author(s): K M Pollack, M Canham-Chervak, C Galzal-Carvalho, B H Jones, S P Baker
Author(s) Bio Box:
Release Date: 03 April 2006
Research Summary/Text: Literature was reviewed from six electronic databases for studies on softball. The search focused on studies written in English, published between 1970 and 2002, and involving adult populations. The review presents findings from selected descriptive studies of softball injuries; describes the findings from intervention studies; offers directions for future research; and demonstrates the need for a more evidence based approach to softball injury prevention.
Research Objectives: The aim of the review is to identify effective interventions to prevent softball injuries.
Research Outcomes: Only 39 relevant studies were published in the period 1970 – 2002 and of these only three interventions aimed at reducing softball related injuries in adult players were identified. All three of these intervention studies focused on the prevention of sliding injuries which is not surprising given that the most common softball injuries identified were ankle sprains and fractures, many of these occurring during base running and sliding. Breakaway bases have consistently been shown to reduce injury.

An estimated 20% to 25% of emergency department presentations for softball injuries involve the head and neck, and sports clinic data reveal that knee injuries accounted for as many as 45% of non-emergency injuries.
Research Implications: While breakaway bases are demonstrated to reduce injury, no one design can be recommended at present.

While modifying sliding technique, particularly during the landing phase of the slide, may be helpful in reducing injury it may be impractical and difficult to teach.

Allowing overrunning of second and third bases is a policy intervention which could reduce the incidence of sliding injuries.
  
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